Tshaj li peb lub xyoos dhau los, uas, ironically, coincided nrog kev sib kis ntawm Internet high-ceev, ntau lab daim ntawv tau tawg nyob rau hauv kev sib cav hais txog cov lus Ukrainian. Qee tus neeg xav tias tsawg kawg tag nrho cov pej xeem hauv Ukraine yuav tsum hais cov lus thaum ub, uas tau raug tsim txom hnyav hauv tebchaws Lavxias thiab lub tebchaws Soviet. Lwm tus ntseeg hais tias Ukrainian yog lus dag los yog tsis muaj hlo li, thiab cov neeg hauv tebchaws tseem tabtom tawm suab thaj ntawm Lavxias ua lus. Qee tus neeg sib tham txog cov suab nkauj feem ntau paub txog Ukrainian, thiab ib tug neeg tsis kam lees cov kev sib cav no nrog cov piv txwv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Ukrainian TV presenters ("avtivka", "chmaroocos", "parasolka").
Qhov tseeb tsis yog ib qho chaw nyob nruab nrab. Kev hais lus hauv Philological tau hloov mus ntev ua kev nom kev tswv, thiab hauv cov ntawd, tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem pom qhov tseeb pom tseeb. Nws tsuas yog pom tseeb tias muaj ib hom lus (ib qho adverb, yog tias koj nyiam) hais los ntawm ntau lab tus tib neeg. Muaj cov qauv sau zoo, muaj cov phau ntawv txhais lus, cov kev qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv, thiab cov lus hloov hauv hom lus tsis tu ncua. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub hav zoov thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ib hom lus, thiab txawm tias txom nyem los ntawm kev tshawb fawb los yog tswv yim kev xav, tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj laj thawj rau kev tsim txom lwm hom lus thiab lawv cov neeg hais lus. Kev sim ntawm kev tsim txom tsis zoo no ua rau ib qho rov qab, thiab tseem tsis tsim nyog txhua yam, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
1. Raws li cov ntawv pom zoo txais nyob rau hauv lub Ukrainian scientific zej zog, lub hom lus Ukrainian keeb kwm ntawm 10 thiab 5 txhiab xyoo BC. Nws yog tib neeg yug los ntawm Sanskrit.
2. Lub npe "Ukrainian" tau dhau los ua tsuas yog tom qab xyoo 1917 kev hloov kho. Yog lawm, cov lus no nyob rau yav qab teb thiab sab qab teb hnub poob ntawm Lavxias teb chaws, txawm cais nws los ntawm Lavxias lus, hu ua "Rusky", "Prosta Mova", "Me Lavxias", "Lavxias Lavxias" lossis "Lavxias Sab Qab Teb".
3. Raws li thoob ntiaj teb phau ntawv encyclopedia Encarta, Ukrainian yog hom lus ntawm 47 lab tus tib neeg. Cov kev kwv yees ceev faj ntxiv hu tus naj npawb 35-40 lab. Kwv yees li muaj pes tsawg tus tib neeg hais lus Polish thiab ntau hom lus hais hauv Is Nrias teb thiab Pakistan.
4. Cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tau nyiaj ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Ukrainian hom lus rau txhua lub xyoo ntawm kev ywj pheej tau nyiaj txog $ 1,92 lab ntawm lub thawv ntawv. Lub yeeb yaj kiab "The Wedding Is Said" ("Crazy Wedding") tseem yog tus yeej ntawm lub thawv ntawv, nrog peev nyiaj ntawm 400,000 las.
5. Nws tsis muaj daim paib nyuaj nyob rau hauv lub Ukrainian hom lus, tab sis muaj tus kos npe muag muag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov uas tsis muaj daim phiajcim yog qhov tshwm sim ntau dua kev qhia. Hauv Lavxias, piv txwv li, nws tsuas yog ua rau kev ntxhov siab ntxiv. Tom qab sau cov ntawv tsis txawv nyob rau xyoo 1918 hauv Soviet Lavxias, cov tsiaj ntawv "c" tau raug yuam los ntawm lub tsev luam ntawv kom lawv tsis txhob sau cov ntawv sau npe thiab cov ntawv "raws li qhov qub" (thiab tsis muaj cov ntawv sau ntawm tus ntaus ntawv). Txog rau thaum ntxov xyoo 1930, es tsis txhob siv lub cim tawv, cov cim thiav tau muab tso rau hauv phau ntawv, thiab cov lus tsis raug kev txom nyem.
6. Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau hais tias vim li cas tus txiv neej yawg Alexander Balabanov xaiv Chicago ua qhov chaw taug txuj kev nyuaj ntawm tus phab ej Viktor Sukhorukov hauv zaj duab xis "Kwv Tij 2", tab sis cov lus hauv Ukrainian nyob hauv Viktor Bagrov Asmeskas kev lom zem yog qhov muaj tseeb. Chicago thiab nws ib puag ncig, koom ua ke hauv Nroog Cook, tsis yog lub tsev loj tshaj plaws hauv tsoomfwv Meskas hauv Asmeskas. Hauv cheeb tsam no, yog tias koj muaj tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv Ukrainian-hais lus, koj tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg tswj hwm hauv nroog hauv Ukrainian.
7. Zaj nkauj hauv Ukrainian rau thawj zaug thiab kom deb li lub sijhawm dhau los topped hit parade ntawm Ukrainian ntu ntawm YouTube video hosting hauv lub lim tiam dhau los ntawm Lub Rau Hli 2018. Rau ib lub lim tiam thawj kab ntawm qhov kev ntaus nqi tau khwm los ntawm kev sau "Quaj Quaj" ntawm pawg (hauv Ukrainian pawg suab paj nruag hu ua "hert") "Kazka". Zaj nkauj tsuas kav ib lub lim tiam rau saum.
8. Cov lus los ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Kwv Tij 2" qhia txog qhov nthuav txog lub suab ntawm lus Ukrainian. Thaum Viktor Bagrov mus dhau kev tswj hwm ciam teb hauv Tebchaws Meskas ("Lub hom phiaj ntawm koj mus ntsib? - Ah, New York Kev Ua Yeeb Yam!"), Txawm tias pawg neeg lis haujlwm hauv ciam teb Ukraine ua tib zoo cem tias: "Koj muaj txiv apple, salO e?" - Hauv lus Ukrainian, "o" nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tsis ruaj khov yeej tsis txo qis thiab zoo ib yam li muaj kev ntxhov siab.
9. Thawj cov haujlwm sau ntawv luam tawm hauv lus Ukrainian yog cov paj huam "Aeneid" los ntawm Ivan Kotlyarevsky, luam tawm xyoo 1798. Ntawm no yog kab ntawm cov paj huam:
10. Tau foom tsis zoo rau peb tug, Thiab dej hiavtxwv nrov nrov; Lawv nchuav lawv tus kheej cov kua muag ntawm Trojans, Eneya saib xyuas nws lub neej; Txhua tus txiv plig rozchuhralo, Bagatsko vіyska ploj ntawm no; Tom qab ntawd peb tau txais tag nrho ib puas! Yeney qw, "Kuv yog Neptune Pivkopi pennies hauv tes ntawm lub hnub, Abi hauv hiav txwv cua daj cua dub tau tuag tuag." Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, ntawm 44 lo lus, tsuas yog "chavnik" ("nkoj") tsis muaj lub hauv paus Lavxias.
11. Tus kws sau ntawv Ivan Kotlyarevsky tau suav tias yog ob tus tsim ntawm Ukrainian cov ntawv nyeem thiab tus neeg uas tsis txaus ntseeg. Cov ntsiab lus siv tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev nom tswv. Txawm tias I.P. Kotlyarevsky sau ua lus Ukrainian nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, thaum A.S. Pushkin tseem tsis tau yug los, lossis Kotlyarevsky pom tias lus Ukrainian yog "smikhovyna" (Taras Shevchenko) thiab "piv txwv ntawm kev sib tham tavern" (Panteleimon Kulish) )). Kotlyarevsky nws tus kheej tau txiav txim siab cov lus ntawm nws cov kev ua haujlwm ua "hais lus Lavxias.
12. Yog hais tias hauv Lavxias cov tsiaj ntawv ob npaug yog kev sib xyaw ua ke, tom qab ntawv hauv Ukrainian lawv txhais tau ob lub suab (tsawg dua ib tus, tab sis ntev heev). Ntawd yog, lus Ukrainian "plaub hau" tsis yog tsuas yog sau nrog ob tsab ntawv "s", tab sis kuj tseem hais "plaub-sya". Thiab rov qab los, loj ntawm cov lus sau ua hom lus nrog ob tus tsiaj ntawv hauv Ukrainian yog sau nrog ib qho - "chav kawm", "trasa", "pab pawg", "chaw nyob", thiab lwm yam Los ntawm txoj kev, lo lus kawg, xws li hauv Lavxias, muaj ob lub ntsiab lus: "qhov chaw los yog chaw nyob" lossis "zoo nkauj tsim los tos txais neeg los sis tsis txaus siab." Txawm li cas los xij, hauv hom lus Ukrainian, thawj variant yog "chaw nyob", thiab hom thib ob yog "chaw nyob".
13. Yog tias koj xav tias muaj qhov tsis txaus siab qhov ntawv uas muaj lub suab ntawm 1,000 cim, hauv txhua tus ntawv ntawm Ukrainian niam ntawv yuav siv raws li qhov dhau los, tom qab ntawv no yuav muaj 94 tus tsiaj ntawv "o", 72 tsab ntawv "a", 65 ntawv "n", 61 ntawv "thiab ”(Tshaj tawm [s]), 57 tus tsiaj ntawv“ i ”, 55 tus tsiaj ntawv“ t ”, 6 tsab ntawv“ ϵ ”thiab“ ts ”txhua tus, thiab ib tsab ntawv“ f ”thiab“ u ”.
14. Cov nouns “Kas fes”, “kino” thiab “depot” hauv lus Ukrainian tsis hloov pauv hauv cov lej thiab cov xwm txheej, tab sis "tsho tiv no" tsis hloov.
15. Hauv kev pom txog kev tswjfwm hnyav ntawm qhov teeb meem, tus lej thiab sijhawm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov lus qev nyob rau hauv lub hom lus Ukrainian yog qhov laj thawj rau kev sib tham rhaub. Piv txwv, feem ntau lees txais tias kwv yees li 40% ntawm lus Ukrainian yog qiv los ntawm German lus, txawm hais tias thaj chaw ntawm tam sim no thiab ib qho Ukraine tsis tau muaj ciam teb nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees hauv ib qho ntawm cov ntawv, feem ntau - nrog Austro-Hungarian teb chaws, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd nrog nws lub teb chaws chaw ... Los ntawm qhov no, cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm thesis txog cov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Ukrainianians raws li lub teb chaws xaus tias cov lus tau qiv txawm tias ua ntej peb lub sijhawm, thiab lawv cov tsos tau hais txog lub zog thiab loj ntawm lub xeev Ukrainian qub. Cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm txoj kev "imperial" mus rau keeb kwm piav qhia xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev qiv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias Ukrainian hom lus tau tsim nyob rau hauv German Cov Thawj Coj Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm kom faib cov Lavxias teb sab.
16. Cov lus hais muaj nyob rau txhua hom lus hais hauv thaj chaw loj. Txawm li cas los xij, lub hom lus Ukrainian txawv heev ob qho tib si hauv peculiarities ntawm hais thiab lus. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yooj yim rau cov neeg nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab thaj chaw sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub teb chaws kom nkag siab txog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov thaj chaw sab hnub poob.
17. "Misto" - hauv Ukrainian "nroog", "nedilia" - "Hnub Sunday", thiab "vrodliva" - "zoo nkauj". “Mito” (hais [[tsis zoo]) tsis yog “ntxuav, ntxuav”, tabsis yog “dejnum”.
18. Xyoo 2016, 149,000 daim ntawv luam ntawv hauv Ukrainian tau luam tawm hauv Ukraine. Xyoo 1974, tus qauv coj yog 1.05 lab luam - qhov kev txo nqis ntau dua 7 zaug.
19. Feem ntau ntawm cov lus nug tshawb fawb los ntawm thaj chaw hauv Ukraine yog lus Lavxias-lus nug. Tus naj npawb ntawm kev thov hauv Ukrainian, raws li ntau yam, yog nyob rau hauv 15-30%.
20. Hauv lus Ukrainian muaj lus "pam tuag" hauv qhov lus - "kev pam tuag", tab sis tsis muaj lo lus "qhov rooj" hauv cov lus, tsuas muaj "qhov rooj".
